Thyroid Cancer
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Thyroid Cancer
A type of cancer that progresses slowly and can be completely cured with early diagnosis
Thyroid cancer occurs in the thyroid gland, which is located in the front of the neck and is responsible for hormone production. is the general name for malignant tumors that develop. They usually have a slow course and can be detected at an early stage. When it is detected, it can be completely cured by surgery. The most common type of thyroid cancer is papillary thyroid cancer.
Symptoms of Thyroid Cancer
Most patients do not experience symptoms in the early stages of the disease. However, over time, the following symptoms may be observed:
growing mass or nodule in the anterior part of the neck
Hoarseness
Difficulty swallowing
Feeling of fullness or pressure in the neck
Fast growing swelling
Enlarged neck lymph nodes in some patients
Note: Most thyroid nodules are benign. However, suspicious nodules should be examined.
Risk Factors
- Female gender (thyroid cancer is more common in women)
- Radiation exposure (especially in childhood)
- Family history of thyroid cancer
- Genetic syndromes (MEN-2, Cowden syndrome, etc.)
- Iodine deficiency or excess
- Being over 40 years old
Types of Thyroid Cancer
- Papillary Thyroid Cancer: The most common type with the best prognosis
- Follicular Thyroid Cancer: Similar to the papillary type, but less common
- Medullary Thyroid Cancer: May be hereditary, originates from C cells
- Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer: A rare, rapidly progressing and more aggressive type
Diagnosis Process
- Physical examination and ultrasonography: Size, structure and suspicious features of thyroid nodules are evaluated
- Blood tests: TSH, T3, T4, calcitonin (medullary type)
- Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy (FNAB): A cell sample is taken from the suspicious nodule and pathologic examination is performed
- CT or MRI: Used for large masses and suspected invasion
- Scintigraphy: Shows whether the nodule is hot (active) or cold (inactive)
Staging
Thyroid cancer stage is based on tumor size, invasion to surrounding tissues and presence of lymph node/distant metastasis.
is determined according to
- Stage I-II: Limited and usually no lymph spread
- Stage III: May spread to surrounding tissues or lymph nodes
-Stage IV: Distant metastasis (lung, bone, etc.)
Treatment Methods
Process Management Suitable for Health Tourism Process Management Suitable for Health Tourism
- - Remote pre-assessment with your ultrasound and biopsy reports
- - Further imaging, repeat biopsy or second opinion organization if necessary
- - Surgical procedures are performed by experienced teams
- - Coordination with licensed centers for radioactive iodine treatment
- - Accommodation, transportation, companion support and remote monitoring processes
Thyroid cancer is a treatable disease with a high success rate with early diagnosis.
If you notice a nodule in your neck, a change in voice or throat discomfort that does not go away, you can get an evaluation without delay.